Introduction of heating systems

Heating systems are necessary to ensure the comfort and safety of buildings, especially in the cold winter months. There are different types of heating systems available, each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages.

In this article, we discuss the different types of heating systems available, their features, and how to choose the right one for your needs.

Heating systems in terms of equipment arrangement

Heating facilities may also be divided into two categories in terms of equipment arrangement:

1. Central heating system

2. Single unit or closed heating system

1. Central heating

Central heating is the most common type of heating system in use today. It uses a central furnace or boiler to heat water or air, which is then distributed through a network of pipes or ducts throughout the building. In this system, heat is produced by a fluid, which is usually hot water or steam, and distributed in the building space through equipment such as ground or air fan coils, radiators, unit heaters, and convectors.

Central heating systems can be powered by a variety of fuels, including natural gas, propane, oil, or electricity.

Advantages of central heating

Central heating can provide uniform heat throughout the building.
It is a relatively efficient way of heating the building.
It can be used to heat air and water.

Disadvantages of central heating

Installing central heating systems can be expensive.
Can be noisy if not installed correctly.
They may be difficult to maintain.

Engine room heating system

The engine room heating system is one of the installation and central heating systems. The garage is usually used in apartments. In this system, water is heated in the engine room and transferred to the units through the heating system. Water circulates in the pipes of each unit and heats the house.

Therefore, the main equipment related to the engine room is the installation of heating radiators from the past, as well as the new style of heating systems such as radiators, underfloor heating.

Cornice radiators

These radiators are the latest generation of radiators that have greatly contributed to interior decoration and design. It is also expected that costs can be reduced by using these dual-purpose radiators.

As we said, one of the most important advantages of this type of radiator is uniform heat and beauty and compatibility with interior decoration. This radiator is hidden from view and allows the decorator to design without considering the radiator.

Underfloor heating

Underfloor heating is a type of central heating system that uses hot water or electricity to heat the floor. Then the heated floor heats the air in the room.

Underfloor heating is a convenient and efficient type of heating, but it can be expensive to install.

Advantages of underfloor heating

Underfloor heating can provide comfortable and even heat throughout the room.
It is a relatively efficient way of heating the building.
Underfloor heating can be installed in both new and existing buildings.

Disadvantages of underfloor heating

Installing underfloor heating systems can be expensive, especially in existing buildings.
Underfloor heating systems are difficult to repair if they fail.
Underfloor heating systems can be noisy if not installed correctly.

Mini chiller and fan coil heating system

Heating through mini chiller and fan coil is a type of central heating system. In this system, each fan coil can be adjusted separately in terms of operating temperature. In every room and hall, a fan coil is used, in which cold water flows in summer and hot water in winter, and this system is combined with a package or boiler (like the split duct system that is connected to the boiler or package for heating) becomes a complete independent heating and cooling system.

In the system of mini chiller and fan coils, if there is no need to use one or more fan coils, they can be turned off and save energy. Also, in this system, due to the small size of the fan used in the fan coils of each room, the noise of its operation will be as low as possible. The mini chiller is installed outside the building (in the open space, for example on the roof, terrace or yard) and is connected to the fan coils with simple water piping, and there is no limit on the maximum distance between it and the fan coils.

Central combination systems are a new and advanced type of heating and cooling systems, which will be discussed below in the following articles.

GHP gas central air conditioning system

VRF electric air conditioning system

2. Single unit or closed heating system

Package heating system and radiator

One of the most common heating methods in cold seasons is the use of various packages. The packages are available in two types, ground and wall, and one of these two models can be used according to the needs and space of the house. Of course, wall packages occupy less space in the house.

Radiators are also a suitable device for uniform distribution of heat in the environment. The hot water needed for the radiators is produced in the package or the engine room heating facility. Radiators are available in aluminum, panel, steel, and electric types.

How the radiator package system works

The package provides hot water for radiators as well as hot water for bathrooms and kitchens. With the package, there is no need for a central engine room and a facility room. In the same way, the costs related to piping and provision of boilers and burners are also eliminated.

The packages use one or two heat exchangers. In the model that has two heat exchangers, one exchanger is used to provide hot water and the other one is used to heat the radiators.

Advantages of the radiator package system

The packages have warning sensors. Hence, their safety is higher compared to other heating methods. Also, the packages have a very high efficiency. In residential and office complexes, each unit can adjust the air temperature and hot water of its unit independently of others by having a package.

The maintenance cost of the package is also lower than the engine house. It is also much easier to repair. In this way, it can be said that the package is considered one of the best heating systems and can be a suitable alternative for engine houses.

Disadvantages of the radiator package system

The cost of the package is higher compared to some other heating systems, such as heaters.

Duct Split

It can be simply said that the split duct is actually the same as the split (air conditioner), with the difference that in the air conditioner, the internal unit is mounted on the wall or ceiling, but the internal unit (or air conditioner) of the split duct is built-in and It is installed inside the false ceiling (or a part of the ceiling such as the corridor or the entrance of the rooms) and then it is connected to the rooms or different parts of a unit of a building by ducting and fresh air after filtering and adjusting the temperature in them. distributes

Of course, the split duct works similar to the air conditioner only in the cooling cycle and is completely different from it in the heating cycle. so that in its internal unit, there is a hot water coil that in the winter season, the hot water generated by the package or the engine room, flows into the coils and heats the coil, and with the rotation of the internal unit fan and as a result When the air hits the hot surface of the coil, the air is heated, and the compression refrigeration cycle (electrical energy and compressor) is no longer used for heating, and the external unit of the duct split device is practically turned off in winter. If you have noticed, in air conditioners, you can get heat from the device in the winter, but due to the electricity consumption, this is usually done less often, but in the duct split device, it is no longer necessary to turn on the compressor for heating, and it is enough to turn on the package spa or Connect the engine room to it. This is one of the advantages of the split duct device.

8 important advantages of this system are:

1. Low starting price

2. Fresh air supply

3. Using variable distance technology or inverter

4. Air filtering

5. Separation of the charging cost of each unit from the whole building

6. Reducing air humidity

7. Use it instead of multiple splits

8. Comfortable and powerful split duct heating

The 4 major disadvantages of this system are:

1. Failure to zone the interior space in the split duct device

2. Higher power consumption than other systems

3. The sound level of the split duct system

4. Maximum coverable space for ventilation

space heating

Space heating is a type of heating system that heats individual rooms or parts of a building. Space heating systems include electric or gas heaters, fireplaces and wood stoves.

Space heating systems are a relatively inexpensive option for heating small areas, but they can be inefficient and costly.

Advantages of space heating

Installing space heating systems can be relatively inexpensive.
They can be used to heat small areas quickly and easily.
Space heating systems can be used in various places including homes, businesses and outdoor areas.

Disadvantages of space heating

Space heating systems can be inefficient, meaning they use more energy to heat the space than other types of heating systems.
Space heating systems can be expensive, especially if they are used for long periods of time.
Space heating systems can be a fire hazard, especially if not used properly.

Solar heat

Solar heating is a form of renewable energy that uses the sun’s heat to heat a building. Solar heating systems can be used to heat water, air or both.

Solar heating is a clean and efficient way to heat a building, but it can be expensive to install.

Advantages of solar heating

Solar heating is a clean and renewable energy source.
It is a relatively efficient way of heating the building.
Solar heating systems can lower your energy bill.

Disadvantages of solar heating

Solar heating systems can be expensive to install.
May not be suitable for all climates.
They may not provide enough heat for all your needs.

Choosing the right heating system

The best type of heating system for a building depends on various factors, including the size of the building, climate, budget and desired level of comfort.

Here are some tips for choosing the right heating system for your building:

Consider the size of your building. Larger buildings require a more powerful heating system than smaller buildings.
Consider the climate of your area. If you live in a cold climate, you need a more powerful heating system than if you live in a warm climate.
Set a budget. The price of heating systems varies from several hundred dollars to several thousand dollars.
Consider your desired comfort level. Some heating systems are more efficient than others, which can save on energy costs.

By following these tips, you can choose the right heating system for your building and ensure that you are comfortable and safe all winter long.

Result

Heating systems are an essential part of every building. By choosing the right heating system for your needs, you can ensure that you are comfortable and safe all year round.