Principles of Classic Building Facade Design
The facade design of any building is one of the essential and vital elements that constitute its identity. The facade is considered a factor of beauty for any structure, even the city in which it is located. The ideal nature of this architectural element creates attraction, inclination, and culture in its surrounding environment. One of the styles that has had many enthusiasts and received more attention is classic facade design.
What You Will Read in This Article:
What Is Classic Facade?
History of Classic Façade
Types of Classic Façade
Characteristics of Classic Façade
What Type of Building Is Suitable for Classic Facade?
Some Examples of the Best Classic Facades
Important Points About Classic Facade Design
How to Design an Ideal Classic Facade?
What Is Classic Facade?
Classic facade design is a type of architectural design that draws its roots from the elements of the classical eras of Rome and ancient Greece. The prevalence of this type of design in Iran is due to the richness of details in this type of facade and the taste for aesthetics among people. This facade presents a magnificent appearance with expensive stones and beautiful elements that have an ancient style but still appear entirely contemporary.
History of Classic Facade
As mentioned in the previous paragraph, classical architecture has its roots in ancient Roman and Greek architecture, and it became more prevalent through communication and wars that occurred. However, Iran also used classical and indigenous designs before that, such as Persepolis and other examples. These two types of classical designs are rarely used. Overall, classic facades are a combination of ancient Eastern and Western designs that have evolved further.
Types of Classic Façade
Roman Facade:
This style of classic facade is divided into three categories itself.
1. Doric Classic Architecture: In this style, which is common in classic buildings with a high height, the columns narrow from bottom to top and sometimes this narrowing process is concave. The height ratio of these columns to their base is 6 to 1. These columns also have simple capitals.
2. Duonic Classic Architecture: This style has tall and slender columns with volute-shaped or helical capitals. The shape of these columns is the same from all sides for the viewer.
3. Corinthian Classic Architecture: Corinthian architecture also has capitals in the form of an inverted bell (upward).
Neoclassical Facade: The range of neoclassical facade designs is very wide. Some of the features of neoclassical facade design include large dimensions of the building, the use of simple geometric shapes in the walls, the use of columns and Greek-style details. The reliefs in this style are flat. These reliefs are placed inside decorative frames and ornamental margins. Domes and towers have no place in neoclassical architecture. The building’s ceiling in neoclassical architecture is flat and horizontal. Windows are regularly designed and often symmetrically shaped. A regular and simple appearance, neat lines, independent and tall columns, and unique cornices are other features of this design style.
Islamic and Indigenous Facade: This style of design is not so common and is only used in religious and traditional structures. Abundant decorations, including colorful tiles, various geometric shapes, and inscriptions on the facade, are among the prominent features of this style. Indigenous style also includes ancient designs from any country that had their own ancient styles, such as Iran, Italy, and so on. The Italian classic indigenous facade, which is also considered a kind of neoclassical, is one of the most famous examples.
Characteristics of Classic Facade
- Attention to detail and ornamentation
- Use of expensive stones such as travertine, granite, and marble
- Observation of elements such as sculptures, etc.
- Tall and intricate columns with Roman styles
- Broad and wide arches
- More exposure to view compared to other structures
- Tall ceilings and large buildings compared to other structures
- Unique columns and cornices
- Use of fine writing and inscriptions in some cases
What Type of Building Is Suitable for Classic Facade?
The suitability of a classic facade for any building varies depending on its geographical location and climate. For example, the use of stone facades is very suitable in humid areas because it is highly resistant to weather changes.
Several Examples of the Best Classical Facades:
Important Points in Classical Facade Design:
- You can enhance your facade by increasing your investment capital to use better materials for your structure.
- There is a wide variety of stone materials available for facades, catering to almost every taste. This diversity extends to the color, pattern, and material of the stones used.
- The best stone for a classical facade is travertine. This type of stone facade is cost-effective due to its abundant extraction sources in the country. It is also the most durable and long-lasting stone facade. With holes on the back of the stone, it adheres firmly to the facade and thus does not get damaged.
- Some materials like columns and sculptures are prefabricated, making installation more convenient. However, installing prefabricated elements requires skilled workers.
- In some cases, cement is used for facade construction, which also demands extreme precision and skilled labor. This requires professionals experienced in this field.
How to Design an Ideal Classical Facade?
To achieve an ideal classical facade, you should seek expert opinions and specialized consultations based on the geography, climate, and other existing conditions. Executing the facade and structure you desire requires consultation with individuals experienced and educated in this field. The Danoo Architecture and Design Company has assembled a team of specialists with experience in this field, ready to collaborate with you. Our experts provide the best advice and consultation by considering all the specialized aspects that may not be apparent to the general public. Additionally, to address questions, ambiguities, and obtain any necessary information in this regard, you can contact DANO Architecture Group for the services and information you need.
